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61.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. [參考譯文] 但是，對一個小部分學生來說，職業(yè)教育也是條可取的路徑。因為在 其他因素相同的情況下，技能的嫻熟是得到工作與否的關鍵。 62. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do so--and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. [參考譯文] 他宣布自己反對使用這種非同尋常的畜牧繁殖技術來克隆人類，并下令 ． 不準聯邦政府基金用于做此類試驗--盡管還沒有人建議這么做--他 還請一個以普林斯頓大學校長哈羅得•夏皮羅為首的獨立的專家組在90 天內向白宮匯報關于制定有關克隆人的國家政策的建議。 63. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be "morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning". 參考譯文] 在5月17日的會議上所討論的這份建議書的序言草案中，夏皮羅提出， 專家組已經達成廣泛共識，那就是"試圖通過成人細胞核克隆來制造人類幼兒的 做法在道德上是不可接受的"。 64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo"s life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research. [參考譯文] 因為現今的聯邦法律已經禁止使用聯邦基金克隆胚胎(人類后裔在出生 前的最早階段)用于研究或者有意地威脅胚胎的生命，NBAC在胚胎研 究上將保持沉默。 65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. [參考譯文] 如果試驗是像科學雜志上的報告所示的那樣如實地根據計劃規(guī)劃和實施的話，那么對管理層來說，期待研究能夠產生可以用金錢衡量的結果是完全合理的。 66. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. [參考譯文] 審查者完全有理由相信，知道自己準備做什么、怎么做的科學家不應該因為必須一只眼盯著收銀機，一只眼盯著顯微鏡而分散了注意力。 67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd balls" among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who "work well with the team." [參考譯文] 如果科學家對標準式樣的整齊劃一的要求就像他論文的寫作所反映的一 樣，那么管理層就不該因歧視研究者中的"思維與眾不同的人"，喜歡其 中較為傳統的"善于團隊合作"的思想者而受到指責了。 68. The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival and number of off- spring--means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe. [參考譯文] 當今人與人在很大程度上的平等--即面對自然淘汰法則人人機會均等，并且連子嗣的數目都一樣--意味著和在印度土著部落中的情況相比， 印度中上層階級中已喪失了80％的自然選擇中的優(yōu)勢。 69. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. [參考譯文] 當藝術領域的一個新運動發(fā)展成某種流行時尚時，最好應該弄清這場運動倡導者的真正意圖，因為，不管他們的原則在今天看來多么牽強無理，很可能多年以后他們的理論會被視為正常。 70. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as Literature. [參考譯文] 然而就未來主義詩歌來說，情況則不這么簡單了，因為不管未來主義詩歌是什么--就算承認它賴以存在的理論基礎都是正確的--這種形式也很難被歸入文學。 71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, "Pluff! Pluff!" A hundred and eighty-five kilograms." [參考譯文] 但當我們先是從注釋中得知某詩行講述了一個土耳其軍官和一個保 加利亞軍官在橋上動手打架并雙雙掉進河里，而后卻發(fā)現該行詩中不過只充斥著"撲通，撲通，185公斤重"這類對他們落水時的動靜以及對軍官們體重的描寫時，我們不免感到困惑不安。 72. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male- domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan"s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. [參考譯文] 戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導的勞動力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機會變得極為有限，他們已經在不停地質疑為了爬上日本國內那通往優(yōu)秀學校和體面工作的嚴酷的社會階梯而做出的巨大的個人 犧牲。 73. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarII had weakened the "Japanese morality of respect for parents". （raise one's eyebrows揚起眉毛（表示驚訝、懷疑等）There were a lot of eyebrows raised at the news of the financial minister's dismissal.財政部長被免職的消息引起眾人的驚訝。） [參考譯文] 去年，當擔任教育部長職務的瀨戶光夫爭辯說二戰(zhàn)后由美國占領當局引入的自由主義革新削弱了日本民族"尊敬父母的道德品質"的時候，輿論嘩然。 74. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan"s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households. [參考譯文] 隨著經濟的增長，出現了集中化：全國1．19億公民，其中整整76％的人口定居城市：在這里，原來的社區(qū)和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒棄，取而代之的是與外界疏于往來的、只由兩代人組成的核心家庭。 75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least a-mong them. [參考譯文] 如果野心的傳統具有生命力，那么這傳統必會為許多人分享；尤其會受到自己也受人仰慕的人士的青睞，在這些人中受過良好教育的可不占少數。 76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs--the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. [參考譯文] 當然，人們現在對成功及其各種標志的興趣似乎并不亞于先前。消夏 別墅、歐陸旅行、寶馬車--地點、地名以及品牌或許會有變化，但這類事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不會亞于一二十年前。 77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. [參考譯文] 相反，我們被款待看到這樣一些虛偽的壯觀景象，他們似乎比以前的任何時候都更供應充足：美國式物質主義的批判者卻擁有位于南安普頓的避暑山莊：激進書籍的出版商卻在三星級餐廳享用一日三餐；倡導在人生各個階段的參與民主制的記者，他的子女卻就讀于私立學校。 78. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values. [參考譯文] 科學領域的專業(yè)人員和業(yè)余愛好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線：因為任何規(guī)則都有例外。然而，"業(yè)余"一詞的確意味著相關人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學界，尤其未能分享科學圈子的價值。 79. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom. [參考譯文] 很自然，這種趨勢會在尤以數學或實驗室訓練為基礎的自然學科領域表現最為明顯，并且可以英國的地質學發(fā)展作例證來說明。 80. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. [參考譯文] 將過去一個半世紀英國地質學領域的出版物做一下比較，(我們)就會發(fā)現不僅對科研的主導地位的強調不斷攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內容的定義也有所變化。
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